{"id":6684,"date":"2016-01-05T14:58:22","date_gmt":"2016-01-05T12:58:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/?p=6684"},"modified":"2016-01-05T14:58:22","modified_gmt":"2016-01-05T12:58:22","slug":"sera-ingropata-cu-care-poti-produce-legume-si-in-miezul-iernii-costa-270-de-euro-si-o-poate-construi-orice-gospodar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/?p=6684","title":{"rendered":"Sera \u00eengropat\u0103 cu care po\u021bi produce legume \u0219i \u00een miezul iernii. Cost\u0103 270 de euro \u0219i o poate construi orice gospodar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/agrointel.ro\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"attachment-large wp-post-image aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/agrointel.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/sera.jpg\" alt=\"sera\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<div class=\"nav\"><\/div>\n<p>Ieftine \u0219i\u00a0eficiente, serele subterane sau \u00eengropate sunt o modalitate foarte bun\u0103 pentru cultivatori de a\u00a0produce legume pe tot parcursul anului \u0219i mai ales \u00een lunile de iarn\u0103. Cu o investi\u021bie de numai 250-270 de euro v\u0103 pute\u021bi construi o ser\u0103\/solar de tipul\u00a0Walipini (cuv\u00e2nt indian pentru \u201cloc cald\u201d) care v\u0103 va permite s\u0103 ave\u021bi o gr\u0103dina plin\u0103 cu legume proaspete chiar \u0219i de Cr\u0103ciun.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/agrointel.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/sera-subterana1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-41822 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/agrointel.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/sera-subterana1.jpg\" alt=\"sera-subterana\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Investi\u021bie destul de mic\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cel mai interesant aspect, potrivit Institutului Benson o organiza\u0163ie non-profit pentru agricultur\u0103 sustenabil\u0103 care a creat chiar un manual despre func\u021bionarea unei astfel de construc\u021bii, este faptul c\u0103 modelul lor de ser\u0103 Walipini (de \u015fase metri pe 23 de metri), construit \u00een La Paz, cost\u0103 aproximativ 250-300 de dolari, adic\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 270 de euro. Pre\u021bul destul de mic este datorat for\u0163ei de munc\u0103 furnizate de proprietarii construc\u0163iei \u015fi utiliz\u0103rii de materiale ieftine, cum ar fi foliile de plastic care protejeaz\u0103 \u00eempotriva razelor ultraviolete.<\/p>\n<p>Principiul care st\u0103 la baza unei astfel de construc\u021bii este destul de simplu, c\u0103ldura din timpul zilei este \u201estocat\u0103\u201d astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 fie p\u0103strat\u0103 o temperatur\u0103 optim\u0103 \u0219i peste noapte. Astfel, o temperatur\u0103 este men\u021binut\u0103 constant 24\/24 iar legume precum salata, ro\u0219ii, varza sau broccoli pot fi cultivate \u0219i \u00een timpul iernii.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cum se construie\u0219te<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00cen primul r\u00e2nd se sap\u0103 o groap\u0103 rectangular\u0103 de circa 2,5 m ad\u00e2ncime. R\u0103m\u00e2ne la decizia cultivatorului c\u00e2t de ad\u00e2nc\u0103, lung\u0103 sau lat\u0103 va fi construc\u021bia \u00een func\u021bie de c\u00e2t de multe legume dore\u0219te s\u0103 cultive. Un detaliu foarte important este pozi\u0163ia soarelui astfel c\u0103 se alege un loc c\u00e2t mai luminat \u0219i unde soarele s\u0103 bat\u0103 tot timpul anului.<\/p>\n<p>Un zid gros de p\u0103m\u00e2nt \u00een partea din spate a construc\u0163iei \u015fi un perete mult mai mic \u00een partea din fa\u0163\u0103, furnizeaz\u0103 unghiul necesar pentru acoperi\u015ful care poate fi din folie de plastic, sticl\u0103 sau \u00een func\u021bie de buget, policarbonat.<\/p>\n<p>Tot \u00een raport cu posibilit\u0103\u021bile cultivatorului, pere\u021bii pot fi f\u0103cu\u021bi din piatr\u0103, p\u0103m\u00e2nt sau alte materiale naturale suficient de dense pentru a absorbi cantit\u0103\u021bi mari de c\u0103ldur\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Trebuie s\u0103 se \u021bin\u0103 cont c\u0103 peretele de nord al serei trebuie s\u0103 fie mai \u00eenalt dec\u00e2t cel din sud, deoarece \u00een felul acesta iarna o s\u0103 fie captat\u0103 toat\u0103 c\u0103ldura soarelui, iar vara, acesta va reflecta soarele.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/agrointel.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/sera-subterana.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-41819 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/agrointel.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/sera-subterana.jpg\" alt=\"sera-subterana\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pere\u021bii trebuie s\u0103 fie pu\u021bin \u00eenclina\u021bi iar interiorul ar trebui s\u0103 arate \u00een form\u0103 de \\_\/ , pentru a nu se d\u0103r\u00e2ma. \u00cenainte de a ad\u0103ug\u0103 p\u0103m\u00e2ntul fertil pe care practic vor cre\u0219te plantele turna\u021bi minim 30 cm de pietri\u0219 pe toata baza serei. Acesta va avea rolul de a drena surplusul de ap\u0103 din sera subteran\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cenfiltrarea apei \u00een pere\u021bi sau \u00een \u201epodea\u201d poate fi distructiv\u0103 pentru ser\u0103 deoarece \u00a0zidurile se vor pr\u0103bu\u0219i iar umezeal\u0103 din\u00a0sol\u00a0va afecta \u00een mod negativ cre\u0219terea plantelor \u0219i mai ales va favoriza bolile la legume. De aceea, exist\u0103 precau\u0163ii care trebuie luate \u00een considerare, \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte hidroizolarea, drenajul \u015fi ventilarea construc\u0163iei, \u00een timp ce este aliniat\u0103 \u00een mod corect la razele soarelui.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Folia care \u00eenvele\u0219te acoperi\u0219ul nu trebuie s\u0103 fie sub\u021bire<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Acoperi\u015ful sigileaz\u0103 practic groapa \u0219i permite razelor soarelui s\u0103 p\u0103trund\u0103 \u00een interior, cre\u00e2nd un mediu cald \u015fi stabil necesar pentru cre\u015fterea plantelor. Aten\u021bie, dac\u0103 sera subteran\u0103 este mult mai lat\u0103, atunci acoperi\u0219ul trebuie g\u00e2ndit astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 nu cedeze c\u00e2nd e v\u00e2nt mai puternic, ploaie toren\u021bial\u0103 sau z\u0103pad\u0103. Nici folia nu trebuie s\u0103 fie prea sub\u021bire astfel c\u0103 este recomandat s\u0103 alege\u021bi varianta cea mai groas\u0103 pe care o g\u0103si\u021bi pe pia\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>De asemenea, deasupra, \u00een jurul acoperi\u0219ului, face\u021bi \u0219anturi micu\u021be \u0219i folosi\u021bi tuburi de plastic, sau chiar folie, pentru a crea \u0219an\u021buri de drenaj. F\u0103c\u00e2nd acest lucru ve\u021bi proteja sera subteran\u0103 de inunda\u021bie.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/agrointel.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/drenaj.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-41820 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/agrointel.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/drenaj.jpg\" alt=\"drenaj\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Serele \u00eengropate nu sunt utile numai iarna astfel c\u0103 \u0219i \u00een perioadele caniculare c\u00e2nd temperatura atinge \u0219i 50 de grade iar plantele practic sunt sufocate de c\u0103ldur\u0103 sera p\u0103streaz\u0103 mai rece, undeva la 30 de grade. Deci sera \u00eengropat\u0103 \u021bine o constant\u0103 din cauza p\u0103m\u00e2ntului, care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca un tampon, absorbind c\u0103ldura \u00een exces \u0219i ced\u00e2nd-o \u00eenapoi c\u00e2nd e prea rece afar\u0103, \u00eentocmai ca un calorifer.<br \/>\n<b><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Care sunt riscurile<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Sunt esen\u021biale ad\u00e2ncimea, orientarea fa\u021b\u0103 de soare \u0219i ventila\u021bia. \u00cen plus, trebuie s\u0103 ave\u021bi o intrare bine protejat\u0103 contra ploii. Aceasta pe timpul verii este folosit\u0103 \u0219i pentru aerisire. Mai face\u021bi \u00eenc\u0103 o aerisire \u00een cealalta parte a serei, pentru a avea o ventila\u021bie corespunz\u0103toare pe timpul verii.<\/p>\n<p>Iat\u0103 un videoclip de prezentare a unei sere Walipini :<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Surs\u0103 selectiv\u0103:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/manancabio.ro\/\" target=\"_blank\">manancabio.ro<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Explica\u021bii detaliate pute\u021bi g\u0103si \u00een limba englez\u0103 pe:<a href=\"http:\/\/www.the-meal.net\/graph\/manuel_walipina_benson.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">www.the-meal.net\/graph\/manuel_walipina_benson.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ieftine \u0219i\u00a0eficiente, serele subterane sau \u00eengropate sunt o modalitate foarte bun\u0103 pentru cultivatori de a\u00a0produce legume pe tot parcursul anului \u0219i mai ales \u00een lunile de iarn\u0103. Cu o investi\u021bie de numai 250-270 de euro v\u0103 pute\u021bi construi o ser\u0103\/solar de tipul\u00a0Walipini (cuv\u00e2nt indian pentru \u201cloc cald\u201d) care v\u0103 va permite s\u0103 ave\u021bi o gr\u0103dina [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6684","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6684","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6684"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6684\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6685,"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6684\/revisions\/6685"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6684"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6684"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.primariacorbi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6684"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}